Origins and Lineage
Tsukuyomi’s origins are described in two of Japan’s most important mythological texts: the Kojiki (“Records of Ancient Matters”) and the Nihon Shoki (“Chronicles of Japan”). According to these texts, Tsukuyomi was born from the right eye of the primordial god Izanagi, during his purification rituals after returning from Yomi, the underworld. Tsukuyomi is thus one of the three noble children of Izanagi, alongside Amaterasu, the sun goddess, and Susanoo, the storm god.
Attributes and Symbols
Tsukuyomi is traditionally depicted as a noble and serene figure, embodying the calm and reflective nature of the moon. Unlike his siblings, who are often associated with more dynamic and tumultuous aspects of nature, Tsukuyomi’s portrayal is more reserved and composed, aligning with the tranquil and steady presence of the moon in the night sky.
Common symbols associated with Tsukuyomi include the moon itself, nocturnal creatures like owls and bats, and water, which reflects the moon’s light and its phases. The cyclical phases of the moon also symbolize the concepts of time, renewal, and the natural rhythm of life, all of which are under Tsukuyomi’s influence.
Roles and Domains
Tsukuyomi’s primary role is as the god of the moon, governing the night and the passage of time. His influence extends to the regulation of the lunar calendar, which was historically significant in Japan for determining agricultural cycles, festivals, and various aspects of daily life.
As a lunar deity, Tsukuyomi also represents the balance between light and dark, day and night. This balance is crucial in the broader context of Shinto beliefs, which emphasize harmony with nature and the cyclical patterns of existence.
Myths and Legends
One of the most well-known myths involving Tsukuyomi is his estrangement from his sister, Amaterasu, the sun goddess. According to the Nihon Shoki, Tsukuyomi attended a feast hosted by Uke Mochi, the food goddess. During the feast, Uke Mochi produced food in a manner that Tsukuyomi found disgusting (in some versions, from her mouth, nose, and other bodily orifices). Offended by this, Tsukuyomi killed Uke Mochi in a fit of anger.
When Amaterasu learned of Tsukuyomi’s actions, she was horrified and refused to ever see him again, leading to their eternal separation. This separation is symbolically represented by the alternating presence of the sun and the moon in the sky, never appearing together. This myth highlights themes of purity, respect, and the consequences of rash actions.
Worship and Legacy
While Tsukuyomi does not have as many dedicated shrines as his sister Amaterasu or his brother Susanoo, he is still revered in various Shinto practices. He is often honored during lunar festivals and rituals that mark the phases of the moon, reflecting his importance in the natural cycles that govern life.
In contemporary culture, Tsukuyomi’s influence can be seen in various forms of media, including literature, anime, and video games. His serene and mysterious persona continues to captivate and inspire, reflecting the enduring fascination with the moon and its symbolism.
Tsukuyomi's Conclusion
Tsukuyomi, the moon god of Japanese mythology, embodies the serene and cyclical nature of the moon. His stories and attributes highlight the balance between light and darkness, and his influence on the natural rhythms of life. As a key figure in Shinto beliefs, Tsukuyomi’s legacy endures, reflecting the timeless allure and mystery of the moon. Through myths and worship, Tsukuyomi continues to play a vital role in the cultural and religious tapestry of Japan.
